Analysis Of George Orwell s 1984 - 1423 Words

In the novel 1984 by George Orwell, the Party has many strategies and tactics that help them have complete control of the people of Oceania. The control the Party has maintained gives them the ability to manipulate people as a result. The Party takes away the people’s freedom to have a say in their government and become their own person. They use their power to an extreme against the people rather than to help the people. The Party takes advantage of every opportunity to instill fear in the citizens, use an excessive amount of thought control, and promote their control to the people through surveillance/propaganda. A major way in which the government controls people is through the use of surveillance and propaganda. â€Å"..surveillance in the novel is a monitoring or policing function. It works through self-censorship and surreptitious spying to police not just speech and action but also thought and belief. Propaganda too works upon thought and belief, but differently: propaganda instils belief, surveillance policies it† (Yeo 55). In other words, the government acts as a sense of law enforcement when they are using surveillance to continuously watch over the people. The Party is very similar to law enforcement because they want to enforce strict behavioral guidelines and make people follow them at all times. The government also wants to ensure that the people are becoming convinced by the ideas of propaganda. Propaganda and surveillance work as a team to provide the Party withShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of George Orwell s 1984848 Words   |  4 PagesCritical Analysis In the George Orwell’s novel 1984, much of the society is watched and have no privacy of any kind. Every person in the Party is under surveillance. In effect, these people cannot live freely and independently, but it seems to be an impossible task because of of the Party surveillance, and how they limit thinking and manipulate reality. We can similarly see these concerns and their effects in today s society and the ways the novel also acts as a warning for the future. In 1984 a manRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 1984 949 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"1984† is a story which takes place in what was then the future of England. The book illustrates a dystopian society in which a government figure named â€Å"Big Brother† rules above all. The country is surrounded by eyes so to speak, devices called â€Å"telescreens† are in houses and buildings to monitor what all of the citizens are doing via camera. Coupled with that is the existence of the â€Å"Thought Police† whose sole job is to monitor citizens from committing â€Å"thoughtcrime† which is essentially thinkingRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 1984 923 Words   |  4 Pages1984, is a book written by George Orwell giving the reader a view of what a dystopian government would be like. The government of Oceania controls the lives of it’s citizens; posters of a figure known as â€Å"Big Brother† are seen all over and emphasize that he is alwa ys watching it’s citizens. The government enforces rules and regulations amongst it’s citizens, restricting them from giving their own opinion or even opposing the government. Thoughtcrime, face crime, and double think are all strictlyRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 19841450 Words   |  6 PagesThose familiar with George Orwell’s â€Å"1984† will recall that â€Å"Newspeak was designed not to extend but to diminish the range of thought.† I recently felt the weight of this Orwellian ethos when many of my students sent emails to inform me, and perhaps warn me, that my name appears on the Professor Watchlist, a new website created by a conservative youth group known as Turning Point USA. I could sense the gravity in those email messages, a sense of relaying what is to come. The Professor Watchlist’sRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 19841377 Words   |  6 Pagesvarious types of governments, such include democracy, oligarchy, and more specifically, totalitarian. A totalitarian government gains extensive amounts of control and power over all of their people, and dominate over every aspect of their lives. George Orwell’s â€Å"1984,† conveys to its readers how the government presented totalitarianism and obtained control over their citizens. This action by the government compares to the massacre of the Holocaust, which portrayed the act of totalitarianism by aiming discriminationRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 19841029 Words   |  5 Pages Imagine a world where everything you knew had to be forgotten, and you knew nothing more then what was being told to you. In George Orwell’s book 1984 this is exactly the case. Winston Smith, a m iddle aged man, lives a life already planned for him. Smith works at the Ministry of Truth rewriting the news and other articles to follow the teachings of Big Brother. Big Brother is the leader of Oceania, one of three world powers, and aims to rewrite the past to control the present. Oceania is separatedRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 1984 Essay1127 Words   |  5 Pagesfirst civilizations of mankind, yet it is difficult find one that is perfect even till today. George Orwell shows an example of this within 1984. 1984 was written based on what Orwell thought the government would be like in 1984. He used his personal knowledge and experience with the government to create his story. The setting of 1984 is set in a superstate where there is a totalitarian government. Within 1984 and the 21st century one major key stands out: corruption rules both governments. Trust isRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 19841026 Words   |  5 PagesIn 1984, by George Orwell violence contributed to the plot by having three stages of reintegration. The stages are to learn, understand, and to accept, Winston was forced to learn that 2+2=5 under torture, understanding that the party is good, and seeks power for its own. Winston accepts and understands the Party and Big Brother as soon as Winston wishes the burden of torture on someone else who he loves, and to learn that Big Brother is eternal and that 2+2=5, Winston then is committed and loyalRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 1984 1122 Words   |  5 Pagesfreedom. A growing debate concerning Orwell’s 1984 relevancy is quickly on the rise. Orwell’s fear of a totalitarian society led him to write this book as he lived during the totalitarian movement in Russia. The fear of a totalitarian society spreading sparked his fear and wrote this book to make people understand that it is not benef icial to society. I feel that with the the National Security Agency in the United States, the issue and relevancy of 1984 has never been higher. The public is discoveringRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 1984 1608 Words   |  7 Pagespossibility of intrusion that makes one ask themselves, how close is our society to becoming one where every action is monitored? How close is the idea of western civilization to becoming a police state, such as in North Korea, or the one in George Orwell’s novel, ‘1984’? North American society is drifting towards becoming a police state at an ever increasing rate. This is shown in how North Americans are slowly losing their rights, the police force acting above the law, and the monitoring of citizens

Sports Nutrition For Runners And Athletes - 1472 Words

SPORTS NUTRITION PAGE: H: EAT SMART, RUN BETTER SH: SPORTS NUTRITION FOR RUNNERS Healthy-eating habits are the foundation of a good running routine. When you’re running faster, and going for longer, you need to make sure you’re both well-hydrated and well-fuelled. When you’re energised you’re able to run faster, burn more calories, and get fitter, faster. In this guide to sports nutrition we take you through the key food groups, why they are important to runners and athletes and which foods are best for you before, after and during your workout. â€Å"Nutrition is crucial for runners. Eating well can help you create the right physiological conditions for high performance, adapt to high-intensity training, fuel your training and races†¦show more content†¦The only real way to know what nutrition plan will be best for you come race day is to test foods, drinks and gels/chews out in training first. Here are a few tips to help get you started. Pre-run nutrition: As a general rule try not to exercise on an empty stomach. You will need the nutrients during your workout and to recover afterwards. You don’t need much, but it can make a big difference on how hard and long you exercise. Before you’re run, go for a low-fibre, low-fat meal meal or snack before the workout. If you can’t stomach anything, opt for a sports drink or smoothie (try to keep it to 200-400 calories). You don’t need much, but it can make a big difference on how hard and long you exercise. Try to eat about two hours and avoid eating too much before exercising and try to ensure what you eat is low in fat, low in fibre, includes carbs, proteins and fluids. Also, make sure you are familiar with the food you eat and don’t try anything that you’re not sure how your body will react to. Here are some ideas of pre-workout food and drink. â€Å"For most training sessions, your pre-workout nutrition is easy: You can

Characteristics of Black Market System †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Characteristics of Black Market System. Answer: Introduction: Ecommerce is increasingly becoming the preferred mode of transacting commerce and is markedly different from the conventional systems of commerce. Ecommerce gives the consumer the flexibility to exchange goods and services electronically without the barriers of distance and time. Most of the exchange between a consumer and the business is through the internet and covers a range of businesses such as sites dealing with consumer retail, auction sites and business to business transactions between different business entities. With the new form of doing business using ecommerce, the requisite knowledge to manage the ecommerce platform is important for every business to have. The knowledge of managing ecommerce platforms is the determinant as to whether a business will be able to leverage the synergies that come with using ecommerce. Knowledge management involves the management of an intangible asset which is not static but which is continually regenerating. Knowledge is different from other forms of assets such as capital and people and the more it is used the more it is produced. A broad definition of knowledge is that it is the level of reflection in the highest degree over the available data that is transformed to information and ultimately to knowledge. Knowledge management involves management of knowledge in three stages: knowledge creation, knowledge transfer and knowledge application. (Spitze Lee, 2012).The functions of knowledge management are undertaken by incorporating both human and organizations which are internet based. Before delving into the process of ecommerce knowledge, a brief summary of the difference between traditional and ecommerce is important. Ecommerce contrasted with Traditional Commerce and the Knowledge Process The first difference is the limitation in the number of items on offer in a physical store verses an online store which can offer almost an unlimited number of items. A business entity that acts as an intermediary between multiple sellers various customers is able to generate a huge commodity search space than the traditional store that is limited. (Boeuf Senecal, 2013). The business entity that is running its operations online must be able to manage the large amount of data that is generated. While running a traditional brick and mortar business has high overhead costs, an online store has lower overhead costs, but requires that the process of should run with minimal interruptions. (McCoy, 2015). Traditional stores can afford the luxury of having downtimes when they are closed and work offline. This is not the case with online stores which have to be online continuously. Physical stores run on the traditional models of commerce, is limited to managing knowledge that is localized within the context of the local market. An online store has to manage has to manage the diversity of knowledge of different cultures which is global as well as managing differences in time-zones. (Herring, 2013). A good example is an American businessman in logging in an online store in Japan ordering goods in Europe to be delivered to his company in America. Empirical knowledge encompasses knowledge that governs the principles and rules of a particular economic activity. This type of knowledge is generalized but is necessary for building a system that can compete in the marketplace. Model knowledge refers to the models of behavior that can be seen in customers in relation to specific commodities and how it can be incorporated into an ecommerce system. The models deal with different entities and processes such as sales and marketing within a business. Situational model is specific and is limited by time constraints and is limited to application in the use which may be single or multiple. (Mittal, 2012).Situational knowledge is mostly concerned with situations that gauge a single customer and their experience in using the ecommerce platform. Knowledge creation involves a continuous process that involves the transforming of knowledge which is tacit into knowledge which is explicit and which can then be turned into a representation which is formal. (Mayzlin, Dover Chevalier, 2014). In the context of ecommerce, three sources of knowledge are critical in the process of knowledge creation: the users of the system, the environment and topology of the system and the experts involved. System users are primarily the customers and suppliers and how they interact with the business entity. Knowledge about customer preferences can be inferred by using questionnaires, while data can be collected about the different suppliers and their terms of service. The data collected incorporates the quality of delivered products, prices, volumes and timelines of delivery as well as the reaction time to requests for delivery. (Jennex, 20120. This will assist in decision making when negotiating the terms of business as well as with whom to do business. The environment is the prevailing space and topology which surrounds the business entity, the suppliers and the customers. The environment includes factors such as the current fashion trends, the economic policy of a country, the emerging new technologies as well as the culture within which the business operates. The environment is also the most difficult to point out exactly with specifics in the process of knowledge creation. The experts are important in creating knowledge as the knowledge they possess is transferred to the persons who shall operate the ecommerce platform. As the system begins to expand, the input of the experts is still critical in dealing with situations which are atypical such as interfacing new systems to an already existing system. (Mellor, 2011). The above considerations will ensure that the process of knowledge creation is continuous: dead knowledge will be deleted; irrelevant knowledge will depreciate while existing knowledge can be updated. Knowledge Transfer is ontology within the ecommerce platform that provides for the appropriate channels and mediums of knowledge transfer as well as eliminating the barriers that arise in the process of knowledge transfer. The transfer of knowledge makes it possible for the knowledge within the platform to be accessed seamlessly within the system while mapping out the knowledge and the channels that will guarantee a smooth flow within the ecommerce platform. Knowledge application is the last stage in the management of knowledge that is necessary for the successful implementation of an ecommerce platform. The end application builds on the process of creation and transfer and deals with the actual application with various user interfaces that will work with variables created from the creation process. (Qin, 2007).The application allows for the different ontologys to be manipulated within the system without compromising the integrity of the system as a whole. Application within Bunnnings The starting point for Bunnings would be to do a system review of its current system by using questionnaires to gauge the levels of satisfaction by the customers. The same questionnaires can be used with the suppliers to also gauge the levels of ease of seamless interface between Bunnings and the suppliers. Once this knowledge has been created, experts can be involved to give technical advice as to how the ecommerce platform at Bunnings can be improved. The application of knowledge management within Bunnings will involve two perspectives: the supply support and the customer perspectives. These two perspectives will have the end result of updating the current system to delete knowledge that is dead and update knowledge that is current and beneficial to the company. Customer support sub-system The customer support works with the ontology of personalization of the customer to the ecommerce platform. (Romero, North, Gutierrez Caliusco 2015).From the perspective that the customer is always right; Bunnings can setup a system that is authentic and genuine and can be verified by the customer. Currently Bunnings has a case in court over its claim that it offers the lowest prices in New Zealand.(Wade, 2017). A customer sued the company over that claim in New Zealand. The ability to manage knowledge in the ecommerce platform would have seen the company take a different marketing approach in New Zealand from that taken in Australia as each market is different. What it offers in the ecommerce platform of each country has to be tailored within the context of each market. The customer support sub system must also be clear on the range of products which are available, out of stock, available within the nearest store or those which can be ordered from a centralized store. Bunnings can integrate the computer systems of each physical store to show what is available within the physical store within its greater ecommerce platform. The ability for a customer to get products should be a key consideration in linking all physical stores and making sure that the physical store can deliver products for online customers as well as the traditional brick and mortar customers. The system in place at Bunnings should have reliable systems within the platform that can guarantee the privacy of the customer and not share their private data with internet-based marketing companies. (Ablon, Libicki Golay, 2014). This is closely tied to making sure that payments are safe and secure to ensure that their financial records are not compromised. The customer support subsystem should incorporate a feedback loop that can monitor the quality of service in terms of timeliness in responding to orders and queries and the responsiveness of the feedback mechanism. Supply support subsystem The supply support subsystem which is a business to business interface, has to incorporate the timeliness of response by the business in terms of delivering new stock while at the same time dealing with returns which may be having defects and rejected by the customer. (Buntings, 2013).The supply support should also address the payment systems of the ecommerce platform in interfacing it with the banks of the supplier and the seamless transfer of funds without the need for a trail of paper work. The supplier support subsystem should incorporate a system that is able to monitor customer preferences of goods offered by the suppliers and continuously updating orders automatically. In conclusion, the ability of a business to effectively manage an ecommerce platform requires the business to begin by first creating the relevant knowledge that will be used within the platform. The second step would require the process of knowledge transfer and ultimately the application of the knowledge. The application will involve in addressing two important subsystems which deal with the customers and the suppliers. Applying the knowledge created with reference to the customer preferences, the business can then put into operation the ecommerce system successfully. This will also result in implementing a user interface that seamlessly interacts with the suppliers so as to make sure there are no gaps in the supply chain. Going into the future, business entities such as Bunnings will need to have embrace systems of knowledge management that specifically address ecommerce in order to stay relevant in the ecommerce platform. References Ablon, L., Libicki, M., Golay, A. (2014). Characteristics of the Black Market. InMarkets for Cybercrime Tools and Stolen Data: Hackers' Bazaar(pp. 3-20). RAND Corporation. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7249/j.ctt6wq7z6.9 Boeuf, B., Sncal, S. (2013). Online international outshopping experience: Proposition of a research model.Recherche Et Applications En Marketing,28(3), 110-119. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/24720951 Bunting, T. (2013). PLAY IT AGAIN, SAM: TAKING ANOTHER LOOK AT HOW SUPPLIES AND SERVICES ARE CLASSIFIED.Public Contract Law Journal,42(3), 549-583. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/24430288 Herring, S. (2013). Discourse in Web 2.0: Familiar, Reconfigured, and Emergent. In Tannen D. Trester A. (Eds.),Discourse 2.0: Language and New Media(pp. 1-26). Georgetown University Press. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt4cg8wd.5 Jennex, M. E. (2012).Managing crises and disasters with emerging technologies: Advancements. Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference. Mayzlin, D., Dover, Y., Chevalier, J. (2014). Promotional Reviews: An Empirical Investigation of Online Review Manipulation.The American Economic Review,104(8), 2421-2455. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/42920894 Mellor, R. (2011).Knowledge Management and Information Systems. Palgrave Macmillan. Mittal, R. (2012). FROM INVENTION TO INNOVATION: ANALYSING THE TOOLS AND TROLLS OF THE JOURNEY.Journal of the Indian Law Institute,54(4), 480-505. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/43953610 Qin, Z. (2007).Introduction to E-commerce. (Introduction to E-commerce.) Berlin: Springer Berlin. Romero, L., North, M., Gutirrez, M., Caliusco, L. (2015). Pedagogically-Driven Ontology Network for Conceptualizing the e-Learning Assessment Domain.Journal of Educational Technology Society,18(4), 312-330. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/jeductechsoci.18.4.312 Spitze,J., M. Lee, J., J. (2012). The Renaissance CIO Project: The Invisible Factors of Extraordinary Success.California Management Review,54(2), 72-91. doi:10.1525/cmr.2012.54.2.72 Wade, A. (2017, Feb 8). Bunnings in Court over lowest price guarantee in advertising campaigns. NZ Herald. Retrieved from https://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/news/article.cfm?c_id=3objectid=11796242 Accessed May 7 2017

Zillah - Our Most Exciting Free Blogging Theme Is Here

TL;DR: We have a new theme. Its our best free theme to date. And it will stay free for life. No paid add-ons, no upsells. Just quality features, updates everything that youd normally expect from a paid theme, delivered for free. Zillah.One of our goals at ThemeIsle for this year is to create amazing free products for WordPress and give back to the WordPress community as much as we can. Ionut already  explained how we can afford to do so in this prequel  post.One of the ways in which we want to make that the reality is by releasing completely free themes that are of the same quality as our premium themes.But in order to make this happen, we needed to change our mindset slightly. Since the only goal was to build a great final product without holding back anything, this has helped us regain our passion for building themes in general. Everything that we thought should find its place in the final release did.And since we owe everything to WordPress which originally started off as a blogging platform weve decided to make this newest theme all about blogging and the blogger in you.Introducing Zillah, our newest free, no-features-locked theme for bloggers and writers.This theme will remain free for life,no upsells,no locked features,no paid add-ons.Also, prepare yourself for free updates because we intend to keep this theme as up-to-date as it can be.Heres the story behind Zillah + what you can expect of it:Click the image for theme demoA dashing WordPress theme  for  the blogger in youFirst off, weve worked hard on this product, and we owe the stunning result to the people that got involved:the man with  the plan Ionut who has unlocked the resources needed to achieve thisthe lovely Ashley  who kept true to herself and designed such an elegant theme, just like her own styleour developers who worked around the clock to implement everything: Claudiu and Rodica (who also came up with  the brilliant Zillah name for the theme)each member of the  ThemeIsl e crew from graphic design, to marketing and  (spoiler alert) supportWeve promised to keep this theme free, which means that our work doesnt stop here. Were going to continue building it and updating it constantly. You can take our word for it because we actually use Zillah on our main channels (on this very blog and IonutN.com). We also have a promise to keep to our friends who have beta tested it and ultimately ended up switching to Zillah for good:  Madalin Milea  and  Catalin Zorzini.If you value style and simplicity, the Zillah WordPress blogging theme will appeal to you. -Joe FylanLooking into the future, two of the features that are next on the plate for Zillah are:WooCommerce integration for everyone who wants to sell their products directly through their main WordPress site.New fonts for more customization and better branding possibilities.(By the way, if you have any cool features in mind that youd like to see in Zillah, please submit your ideas on GitHub  and well take a look.)Feel free to go ahead and download Zillah, theres no signup needed: Download here for free Need help setting up the theme? Write to us via the customer support channel. Our amazing support team will be with you in max 24h. Yes, support is also free of charge with Zillah.How we introduced Zillah to the worldWe are proud that ThemeIsle is now a growing business even though we did start off bootstrapped. This means that we can invest in various ideas that we value, and come up with products like Zillah (the last time we did something similar  was with Parallax One). And its not just development cost were talking about here. Once the whole theme is built, then come the marketing efforts.Heres our go-to-market strategy (just keep in mind that some of the actions described below did require a lot of work and some skin in the game):Firstly, in order to bulletproof Zillah, we reached out to ThemeReview  for a technical check. But we  also wanted to see how it behave s in the hands of an actual user, so we asked some WordPress bloggers to test the theme and see how it works for them. Their reviews appeared this week on WPKube and WPDailyThemes. From an online marketing point of view, those reviews  represent authority links pointing to Zillah and bringing it into the light. This is how we approached these partner sites:Were also using some of our own media to reference back to Zillah, which has an impact if you already have some fairly popular sites to back you up. For us, the  CodeinWP blog and JustFreeThemes  are valuable places  for reaching WordPress users looking for WordPress theme-related topics. Moreover, for  our CodeinWP readers, were preparing a newsletter that will include a mention to this very article. So the more sites you have, the more subscribers on board!Talking about email marketing, we reached out to our friends at CreativeTim who kindly agreed to announce Zillah en premià ¨re in their own weekly newsletter. This is what the piece looks in the email they sent out to their designer audience:We also added a paid newsletter in the bucket and got featured in WebCodeGeeks (the listing cost us a bit over $500). We reached a different niche this time, mostly web developers and freelancers who can now recommend Zillah to their clients. The listing:Some of our growth-hacking tactics also include placing links in the most popular networks dealing with design/development resources. Keep in mind, though, that in order to get some traction there, you must be an active member, have a good karma, and not just ask  for votes out of the blue. Those networks have  complex algorithms that will keep you from popping out from nowhere and abusing the system. But if you  behave  properly, in time, you will start seeing some results. Heres where we like to hang out: Product Hunt, ManageWP,  Reddit, Hacker News, Designer News. Last but not least, we crafted a retargeting campaign (were using  Perfect Aud ience) for people who already have a connection with ThemeIsle have visited our site, or have liked our Facebook page. Ad  campaigns  can really pay off, if youre doing it the smart way and segmenting your target audience thoroughly.One week  worth of resultsAll these actions took place over the course of a week, from  Thursday to Monday, overlapping the weekend, and not just any weekend, the #EURO2016 opening, so maybe this was  not  the best timing. An important thing to remember: research what could steal your audiences attention before planning up a campaign.We have the traffic results, as well as the themes downloads in. There were 3865 views on the themes landing page, and 2585 downloads.This doesnt mean that the CTR was 65%, though. In many places, we used a  direct link for  downloading the ZIP, so some of the users havent seen the themes page or the demo before getting it. What made a difference, though, was that we didnt ask for emails in exchange. You cou ld and can just get the theme right away. A great number of  these views come  from the  Facebook  campaign. Facebook Ads worked for us because we used them to communicate with our past visitors, not to target new people. In general, however, Facebook Ads arent that perfect of a marketing method anymore.The display campaign on PerfectAudience hasnt been such a great success. Weve made  30,000  impressions though and for around $40, which counts for brand awareness. In time, such actions increase the ThemeIsle brand recognition:On the demo page,  the traffic was about the same as on the landing page, 3600 views. But our efforts  have paid off, as you can see below. The first referrals are DesignerNews (including aggregators like UsePanda and Sidebar.io), Reddit, Facebook and Hacker News. Again, these results rely  on a constant activity on these networks.In conclusion,  Zillah is one good example of what the love for open source can result in. Theres a lot more we could have done, but we believe  this is just the beginning for Zilah, and that its popularity will grow organically from now on.Hope youve enjoyed this transparency-like written post, and that it helped you understand how were doing things at ThemeIsle.One last important thing, wed love to hear from you how do you  like Zillah, and what are *you* doing to promote your products?

Human Rights and Amnesty International essays

Human Rights and Amnesty International essays In 1961, London lawyer Peter Benenson read about a group of students in Portugal who were arrested and jailed for raising a toast to freedom in a public restaurant. This incident prompted him to launch a one-year campaign called "Appeal for Amnesty 1961" in the London Observer. The "Appeal for Amnesty" called for the release of all people imprisoned because of peaceful expression of their beliefs, politics, race, religion, color, or national origin. Benenson called these people, "prisoners of conscience." He planned to encourage people to write letters to government officials in countries, which had prisoners of conscience, calling for their release. The campaign grew enormously, spread to other countries, and by the end of 1961 the organization, Amnesty International, had been formed. Amnesty International's vision is of a world in which every person enjoys all of the human rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights standards. In pursuit of this vision, Amnesty International's mission is to undertake research and action focussed on preventing and ending grave abuses of the rights to physical and mental integrity, freedom of conscience and expression, and freedom from discrimination, within the context of its work to promote all human rights. I believe that this mission statement is compatible with Catholic social teaching. Amnesty International addresses governments, intergovernmental organizations, armed political groups, companies, and other non-state actors. Amnesty International seeks to disclose human rights abuses accurately, quickly and persistently. It systematically and impartially researches the facts of individual cases and patterns of human rights abuses. These findings are publicised, and members, supporters and of amnesty international staff mobilize public pressure on governments and others to stop the abuses. In addition to its work on specific vio...

Essay on Sir Gawain and the Green Knight

Essay on Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Essay on Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Sir Gawain and the Green Knight essay: This essay discusses in depth the personality of Sir Gawain as depicted by the author Marie Borroff in her book ‘Sir Gawain and the Green Knight’. By elucidating the outstanding traits of Sir Gawain, we shall show how rightly he has been claimed as the protagonist of the story, and how prominent qualities in his character make him so distinguishing from the rest of contemporary knights of King Arthur’s round table. Sir Gawain After a close study of the book ‘Sir Gawain and the Green Knight’ the traits of Sir Gawain as mentioned in the ensuing paragraphs make him the most prominent of all the knights in the Camelot of King Arthur. Faith in God and Religious Devotion The theme of religion can be well drawn from words of Gawain about his encounters depicting him as a religious man, a religious man who puts his faith in God’s care and acknowledges that he is protected. The words of the knight are filled with vigor in respect to the fate ahead of him. The fact was that the blow dealt to the green knight would be reciprocated to the participant in the game. Gawain struck the knights head off, and this was the fate he was entitled to face though with an assurance of regeneration after certain duration and this was a source of motivation for Gawain’s action. Chivalry Loyalty Gawain is a knight; he is expected to protect the king from all harm regardless of the situation. The king endangers his life by accepting to participate in a dangerous game. Sir Gawain steps up to protect the king as expected. This is the theme of chivalry used in the poem to ensure relational poetry. In the Lords castle, Gawain refuses temptations from the Host’s wife. This shows Gawain is a man of honor and respects His Lords hospitality. Accepting such advances would discredit his honor and disrespect his host. The Chivalry theme is conflicted when Gawain finds himself in a dilemma. The advances from the Lady of the house and respect for the Lord put him in a difficult position. Being a knight of the round table, ideals of chivalry are upheld with the brothers of the round table offering to share it on the burden carried by Gawain. Chivalry refers to the individuals actions in relation to the societal acceptable behavior. The knight behaves according to his expectation ensuring a balance in responsibility and expectations in the community. The theme ensures continuity in the poem, and understanding of the hierarchical relationship issues in the society. Thus the occasions on which Sir Gawain has been shown to display his loyalty and chivalry were the moments when King Arthur had accepted the challenge of the Green Knight all by himself and was about to pick the ax to behead the Green Knight when suddenly Sir Gawain leapt to replace his master and took the challenge himself. He displayed tremendous loyalty in sacrificing his life just to save the King Arthur who was also Gawain’s Uncle in blood relation. Keeping Promises Gawain has been depicted as a man of words, a person who always kept his promises. Gawain fulfilled the promise which he made with the Green Knight when the former beheaded the latter with ax. Another instance proving Gawain to be a man of words is that he responded truthfully to his host by then known to him only by the name Bertilak, the lord of the castle where he stayed. He had made promise with his host to return to him what he gets each day, so he gave him the number of kisses in return, which the wife of Bertilak gave to Gawain each day. Chastity Integrity Gawain is essentially an honorable knight who always followed the path of truth not fearing for the consequences. The fact that Gawain did not respond to the sexual and seductive attempts on him from the wife of his host proves that he cared much for his honor and is not essentially a man of lose character. When once he made a mistake by accepting the green silk girdle from his hostess as a token of magical power to avert death, he felt guilty of committing such a low act that was not worthy of a religious and honorable man. Then he tied the green silk girdle around his arm so as to display his courage of convictions and his guts to admit his own fault. Profound Insight into the Realities of Life Sir Gawain has been depicted in the book as a knight who has much insight into the hard facts of life. He knows deeply how the varying circumstances in man’s life may affect his temperament and mood. So he believes that one must not continue to delve in the present situation though it could be at the height of joy, ecstasy or merriment. He knows that there is other side of the picture which is associated with adversaries. Gawain displays this insight when during the most rejoicing moments in the court of King Arthur on the occasion of New Year’s Eve while all are busy enjoying the feast, it is states in words quote: Gawain was glad to begin those games in hall, But if the end be harsher, hold it no wonder, For though men are merry in mind after much drink, A year passes apace, and proves ever new: First things and final conform but seldom. (495–499) And it happened as it was perceived in the above passage. Exactly a year after Gawain had to set out in search of the Green Chapel facing a lot of hardships and adversaries on the way and during the most hazardous journey. He was consumed with serious thoughts and surrounded all over by worries and about his fate prophesized by the Green Knight one year before when Gawain chopped off his head with ax. CONCLUSION It is said very rightly that both virtues and evils speak for themselves. A man with good nature and divinely qualities will exhibit actions that are virtuous and honest, while a person afflicted with evil elements will exhibit actions that are wicked and nasty. Same is the case with Sir Gawain who is essentially a man of divinely attributes as depicted in the book Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. And thus Sir Gawain always acted in the right direction and followed the path of integrity, loyalty, truthfulness, faith in God and Chivalry. At you can easily buy essays from experts on this topic. All custom essays are written by certified academic writers. Non-plagiarized essays with timely delivery.

Industry Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Industry Analysis - Essay Example rs behind the recovery of the global economy, which had been adversely affected by the recent financial crisis and its financial shocks for the past five years (Pendrill 4). Currently, the industry is worth USD 800 billion, and market analysts predict that the global market for vehicles, particularly that of cars and light vehicles will increase from the current 80 million units bought annually, to reach more than 100 million by 2020 (Pendrill 4). Market analysts are forecasting that that the larger portion of the market expansion will come from emerging economies, including India and China among others. According to the statistics provided by the World Bank, car ownership in these markets stands at 58 cars per 1000 people in China and 18 for India; these figures are not comparable to those of European countries, where the average ratio is more than 500 cars per 1000 people. The high car ownership ration shows that European markets are saturated, therefore will not be the major drivers of market growth for the industry (Pendrill 4). In the recent past, the leadership of the automotive industry has featured three dominant players, including Toyota Motors, General Motors and Volkswagen AG. As of April 2013, these three giant players competed against one another, with the target of taking the top place (Muller 1). The race remained tight between the three main players, in the areas of production output and that of sales levels. During the year 2012/13, Toyota made sales of 9.7 million cars and trucks, which gave it a better standing, as compared to General Motors. General Motors, during the same year, sold 9.29 million cars and trucks and Volkswagen sold the least number of units out of the three companies; Volkswagen sold 9.1 million vehicles. However, from a comparison of the revenue levels, the profits made and the value of assets, Volkswagen was the unchallenged winner; VW made higher figures, when compared to the two other main competitors: Toyota Motors and GM

Leading Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Leading - Essay Example He has managed to drive Facebook to attaining great possibilities through exceptional styles, skills, and expertise in management. According to Gallo (2012), Zuckerberg keeps the Facebook website clear and simple. It provides a user-friendly platform for social networking. Samson (2013) refers to Zuckerberg as a leader who owns the product he promotes because of the inherent passion for which he conducts his managerial affairs. The love for his products saw him deny offers to sell the Facebook account. For instance, Zuckerberg identifies thoughtful potential in his products. The initial purpose for the innovation of Facebook was to connect people (Gallo, 2012). According to Samson (2013), Zuckerberg had an insight of the path Facebook would take. The future of Facebook became his obsession. Passion to achieve his goal has seen the website progressive improvement. According to Walter (2014), Zuckerberg has a fascination about making the world more open. The state of Facebook in the world and the power of its influence in various aspects of life currently resulted from Zuckerberg’s effort courtesy of passion to his mission (Samson, 2013). Facebook mission has remained consistent over the years since its start (Walker, 2014). This has concentrated efforts towards improvisation of social networking systems. According to Gallo (2012), Zuckerberg believes in being a great leader and communicator. He puts efforts to improve his communication skills as a way to improve his persuasive leadership in the company. According to Marshall (2009), Zuckerberg underwent through a training in speaking to improve his communication skills. Zuckerberg has an inclination to interact with people to improve his leadership qualities. Marshall (2009) accounts for the structural positioning of Zuckerberg’s office in the new building of the company. The centric positioning of his office with offices of other leaders surrounding his

Sex and gender Essay Example for Free

Sex and gender Essay In psychology many different perspectives seek to explain the differences between males and females. In societies they play distinctive roles and are treated and viewed differently. They behave differently too. To compare and contrast the accounts of sex and gender we need to define the terms sex and gender. To examine further we need to examine the key aspects of the biological, evolutionary, social constructionist and psychoanalytical perspectives focusing on similarities and differences regarding their accounts of sex and gender. Finally need to consider the ways in which these perspectives compliment, conflict or simply co-exist with one another. Often the term sex and gender are used interchangeably. Often this usage has lead to confusion therefore we have to begin by attempting to draw a distinction between the terms for discussing psychological perspectives in this paper. Traditionally, the word gender has been used to refer to the cultural aspect of what it is to be man or woman. Womanly or manly and masculine or feminine are viewed as not being connected with a persons biological sex, but more in terms of psychological characteristics shaped by individuals experience (EPoCH CD-ROM). The term sex is used solely when referring to biological and physical traits such as primary and secondary sex characteristics or specifically to sexual intercourse. (Hollway,Cooper,Johnston,Stevens ,The psychology of sex and gender p117). It is important to bear in mind that different perspectives ask different questions and use different methods to examine the basic assumptions made by each perspective with respect to the concepts of sex and gender. In terms of the biological factors that are thought to shape sex and gender include external genitalia, sex chromosomes and genes, hormones and lateralization of brain function. Although it is important to emphasize that anatomy is not necessarily destiny but the most commonly used way to determine sex is then observation of the external (visible) genitals (Hollway, Cooper, Johnston and Stevens, 2003). To determine the individuals sex is through sex chromosomes and every human being has a pair of sex chromosomes; in females this pair normally comprises of two X chromosomes and in males an X and a Y chromosome. Another indicator  of maleness or femaleness for biological theorists are the levels of specific hormones such as testosterone (male) and oestrogen and progesterone (female) which produce primary and secondary sexual characteristics and are different in males and females. But we must not fail to say that genetic abnormalities do occur for example Klinefelters syndrome is when males inherit an extra X chromosome resulting in an XXY pattern resulting in many feminine physical characteristics. While these genetic abnormalities are unusual, they make clear that biological processes alone do not make us male or female (Hollway et al, 2003).Then again biological sex is not central to explaining what it is to be man or a woman and can be unreliable in some cases, it does offer simple explanations which can be tested empirically. Likewise the evolutionary perspective, while adopting a scientific approach similar to biological theorists, cannot be subjected to empirical testing and therefore can operate only at the level of speculation. This is due to its reliance in part on the principles of reverse engineering in constructing theoretical models regarding the origins of human behaviour (Hollway et al, 2003). Moreover evolutionary psychologists argue that genetic make-up and behavioural predispositions between males and females evolved according to the process of sexual selection. (Phoenix, 2002). They believe that reproduction is the only way for an inherited characteristic to be passed on from one generation to the next and thus their primary focus on explaining gender differences is in terms of reproductive behaviour and sexual style. In accordance to this it was found that evolutionary psychologists females generally devote more time and energy to the care of their offspring. As a result of this greater parental investment (Hollway et al, 2003) different patterns of behaviour between males and females developed. Therefore successful females in an attempt to maximise their reproductive success they are more concerned with selecting a mate that has good genes and is willing to invest in offspring. On the other hand, males devote more time and energy to finding and attracting mates and are more concerned with mating as many times as possible. Clark and Hatfield (1989, cited by Hollway et al, 2003) carried out a study in which they found that 75% of male students as oppose to no female students consented to having sex with the opposite sex. They interpreted these results as supporting the evolutionary theory that women and men evolved different strategies and consequently different behaviour, for reproductive success. So we can say that the biological and evolutionary approaches are similar in that they view sex as the foundation of gender; however, social constructivists do not see gender as determined by sex. They strongly believe that a persons gendered behaviour is always constructed through the lens of their interpretation and understanding within their own historical and social contexts and therefore cannot be explained by their biological reproductive sex status alone (Hollway et al, 2003). Social constructivists believe that both sex and gender arise in social interaction and have no existence independent of social interaction. According to this perspective we actively construct the world we live in and this is an on-going process that changes from situation to situation (Phoenix, 2002). Our knowledge of gender is so deeply ingrained that it is difficult to see it as a socially constructed category nevertheless; gender is one of the most powerful constructed categories by which individuals define themselves (Hollway et al, 2003). Bem (1994, cited by Hollway et al, 2003, Pg. 141) believes that masculinity and femininity are socially and culturally constructed dimensions that inform all the forms of our thinking, emotional experience and behaviour. In addition to historical and cultural influences on gender behaviours the media and the school curriculum portray male and female roles in gender stereotypic ways. Social construction theorists would argue that gender inequality is produced and sustained in schools (Hollway et al, 2003). Theorists from this perspective focus on the interpretation of meaning using symbolic data and subjective insider accounts, which are changeable and affected by discourses. This approach differs from the natural science principles embraced by the biological and evolutionary perspectives which are based on an objective, outsider viewpoint and are more fixed (Miell and Pike, 2003). The methodology employed in the next perspective, that of psychoanalysis, uses subjective insider accounts similar to the social constructivists. However, in contrast to the three perspectives discussed thus far, the psychoanalytic approach differs in that it stresses unconscious mental processes and turns to our inner psychological worlds. Although psychoanalysts do take into account social factors like family structure and meaning, it differs from the social construction approach in that it suggest girls and boys have predispositions for behaviour (similar to evolutionary perspective). Moreover, Freuds theory about boys and girls was based on their own perceptions about their bodies and cannot be reduced to biological or societal explanation (Hollway et al, 2003). The psychoanalytic theory proposes that children acquire either feminine or masculine traits or behaviours by identifying with a same sex parent. They believe that sex and gender relations play a vital role in self-development and that children unconsciously internalise differences between the sexes and make them their own, thus establishing their own gendered identity (Hollway et al, 2003). Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) was a key figure in the development of psychoanalysis. The genital stage of Freuds theory of psychosexual development is traditionally seen as the beginning of gender and sexual identity. For Freud the acquisition of sexuality and a gendered identity is a totally psychological process in which children are born psychosexually neutral and then learn to identify with their same sex parent through having resolved their Oedipus (boys) or Electra (girls) complex. The essence of this theory is that, at around five years old, a boys love  for his mother acquires sexual connotations. He becomes a rival with this father for her love. Because his father is such a powerful figure he feels threatened and thus takes on the features of his father. Freud named this the Oedipus complex (Phoenix, 2002) The theory he produced for girls, the Electra complex, whereby she realises that she does not possess a penis (penis envy) and feels devalued, has brought about much controversy and aroused the ire of feminist writers. Additionally, Freud has been criticized for making generalisations about human nature when his evidence was limited to gender relations of a particular time (Hollway et al, 2003). Times have changed and now women are taking on more male roles and have control over their own fertility. As a result Freuds view of how the possession of a penis gives privileges and rites in the family and his failure to consider the significance of womens genitals is strongly criticized. Moreover, research has found that males are envious of womens ability to give birth (Horney, 1926, cited by Hollway et at, 2003). Due to changing times many psychologists have come to believe that most people possess a combination of characteristics that until recently have been traditionally viewed as either masculine or feminine. According to Bem (1974, cited by Hollway et al, 2003) most people are androgynous, that is, they possess both masculine and feminine psychological characteristics. Thus far we have examined four different perspectives in relation to sex and gender and clearly no one perspective can explain the psychology of sex and gender. From a methodological standpoint it is difficult to integrate the differing perspectives. Both biological and evolutionary psychologies embrace the scientific, quantitative approach whereas the social constructivists and psychoanalysts use a qualitative approach focusing on interpretation of meaning. As these methods are so fundamentally different it is most likely that, rather than conflicting, they simply co-exist with one another. The way these perspectives interact can be seen as complimentary for example, as we have discussed, it is accepted that generally individuals are sexed by biology and gendered by social influences. The psychoanalytic theory can be seem as conflicting with the social construction theory in the focus on unconscious (psychoanalytic) versus conscious experience (social constructivists). As can be seen, humans are complex creatures rarely explainable in terms of a single type of influence. The accounts of sex and gender discussed are from four diverse perspectives and it is only by exploring how these interact with one another that we can gain a genuine understanding of the psychology of sex and gender.

Personality and Personal Growth Essay -- Psychology Research Papers

Personality and Personal Growth â€Å"An integral being knows without going, sees without looking and accomplishes without doing† – Lao Tzu The text book definition of Personality is an individual’s unique pattern of thoughts, feelings and behaviors that persist over time and across situations. I agree with this idea that a personality is what makes all of us who we are. I believe that a personality is a combination of innate characteristics that everyone is born with and the sum of total life experiences. I believe that a personality is a portrayal of an individual’s reality. The way that an individual walks, talks, speaks and even the career path that they choose to go on is all a reflection of their personality. I believe that each individual is put on this earth to influence every person that they come in contact with; it is the responsibility of every individual to learn as well as teach each other. I strongly believe that you are born with a unique, distinct personality. I remember when both my nieces and my nephew were born each one of them had a specific personality that has transformed and made them each as they are today. My oldest niece, since the young age has always had this older wisdom about her like she was a reincarnated older spirit. This wisdom always comes out in her personality; she is continuously teaching us (older folk) and making us look at life in a different manner than what we would originally look at something. She has made us look out o...

The Rise And Fall Of Jack Johnson Film Studies Essay

Jack Johnson the first Afro-american Heavyweight Champion of the World, whose laterality over his white oppositions spurred ferocious arguments and race public violences in the early twentieth century enters the ring one time once more in January 2005 when PBS airs Inexcusable Black: The Rise and Fall of Jack Johnson, a provocative new PBS docudrama by acclaimed film maker Ken Burns. The bipartite movie poses on PBS Monday-Tuesday January 17-18, 2005, 9:00-11:00 p.m. ET ( look into local listings ) . Burns, whose past movies on PBS ( The Civil War, Baseball, JAZZ, etc. ) are among the most-watched docudramas of all time made, shows the farinaceous inside informations of Johnson ‘s life through archival footage, still snap, and the commentary of packaging experts such as Stanley Crouch, Bert Sugar, the late George Plimpton, Jack Newfield, Randy Roberts, Gerald Early and James Earl Jones, who portrayed Johnson in the Broadway drama and movie based on Johnson ‘s life, â€Å" The Great White Hope. † â€Å" Johnson in many ways is an incarnation of the Afro-american battle to be genuinely free in this state economically, socially and politically, † said Burns. â€Å" He perfectly refused to play by the regulations set by the white constitution, or even those of the black community. In that sense, he fought for freedom non merely as a black adult male, but as an person. † Johnson, who was born in 1878 in Galveston, Texas, began packaging as a immature adolescent in the Jim Crow-era South. Boxing was a comparatively new athletics in America, and was banned in many provinces. African americans were permitted to vie for most rubrics, but non for the rubric that whites considered their sole sphere: Heavyweight Champion of the World. African-Americans were considered unworthy to vie for the rubric non for deficiency of endowment, but merely by virtuousness of non being white. Despite this, Johnson was relentless in disputing James J. Jeffries the heavyweight title-holder at the clip, who was considered by many to be the greatest heavyweight in history for a shooting at the rubric. For 14 old ages, Johnson had made a name for himself every bit good as a considerable sum of money with his ability to crush black and white oppositions with flooring easiness. Jeffries, nevertheless, refused to contend a black pugilist and alternatively decided to retire undefeated. Then in 1908, after get the better ofing most other white oppositions, the new title-holder Tommy Burns agreed to contend Johnson in Australia for the unheard of amount of $ 30,000. In the 14th unit of ammunition, after crushing Burns unrelentingly, the battle was stopped and Johnson became the first Afro-american Heavyweight Champion of the World. In Inexcusable Blackness, Johnson biographer Randy Roberts observes, â€Å" The imperativeness reacted [ to Johnson ‘s triumph ] as if Armageddon was here. That this may be the minute when it all starts to fall apart for white society. † His triumph spurred a hunt among Whites for a â€Å" great white hope † who could crush Johnson and win back the rubric. They eventually found him in Johnson ‘s old Nemesis, Jim Jeffries, who decided to return from retirement and give Johnson the battle he had ever wanted. This battle was particularly of import to Johnson, because many Whites had dismissed his claim to the rubric as invalid ; Burns, it was argued, was ne'er the true title-holder because he did n't win the rubric by crushing Jeffries. No 1 had beaten Jeffries, and most idea he was certain to repossess the rubric for Whites. The Johnson-Jeffries battle, dubbed the â€Å" Battle of the Century, † took topographic point on July 4, 1910, in Reno, Nevada. Johnson knocked out Jeffries in the 15th unit of ammunition. Johnson ‘s triumph sparked a moving ridge of countrywide race public violences across in which legion African americans died. Newspaper columns warned Johnson and the black community non to be excessively proud. Congress finally passed an act censoring the interstate conveyance of battle movies for fright that the images of Johnson crushing his white oppositions would arouse farther agitation. Possibly even more distressing for white America than Johnson ‘s laterality over his white oppositions in the pugilism ring were his romantic webs with white adult females. One of his frequent going comrades was Hattie McClay, a white cocotte. They were subsequently joined by Belle Schreiber, besides a white cocotte whom Johnson met in Chicago. â€Å" He would n't allow anybody specify him, † says James Earl Jones in Unforgivable Blackness. â€Å" He was a self-defined adult male. And this issue of his being black was non that relevant to him. But the issue of his being free was really relevant. † Johnson finally married a white adult female, Etta Duryea. Their relationship was troubled ; Johnson drank to a great extent and abused her ; she was a victim of chronic depression. Duryea finally committed self-destruction in 1912. Three months subsequently, Johnson married Lucille Cameron, another white adult female and a former cocotte. In 1910, Congress passed the Mann Act, which outlawed the transit of adult females in interstate or foreign commercialism â€Å" for the intent of harlotry, orgy, or for any other immoral intent. † While the jurisprudence was intended to be used against commercialised frailty, the U.S. authorities used it to do Jack Johnson wage for his success and his life style. In 1913, Johnson was convicted of go againsting the Mann Act. His former lover, Belle Schreiber, testified against him. Even at the clip it was widely thought to be a assumed test, with the prosecuting officer himself stating after the finding of fact, â€Å" This Negro, in the eyes of many, has been persecuted. Possibly as an person he was. But it was his bad luck to be the first illustration of the immorality in allowing the exogamy of Whites and inkinesss. † Johnson fled the state and exhausted several old ages as a runaway in Europe. In 1914 he lost his rubric to Jess Willard in Cuba. In 1920, Johnson returned to the U.S. , surrendered to governments and served his clip in prison. He was ne'er once more given a shooting at the heavyweight rubric, and in 1946, after being angered by a racialist incident at a diner, drove his auto excessively fast around a bend in North Carolina and was killed. â€Å" Johnson ‘s narrative is more than the narrative of a enormous jock, or even one who broke a colour line, † said Ken Burns. â€Å" It is the narrative of a adult male who forced America to face its definition of freedom, and that is an issue with which we continue to fight. † Inexcusable Black: The Rise and Fall of Jack Johnson is a production of Florentine Films and WETA Washington, D.C. Corporate support provided by General Motors Corporation. Additional support provided by PBS, Corporation for Public Broadcasting, The Arthur Vining Davis Foundations and Rosalind P. Walter.

Poem Comparison Essay

The three poems are written by Wilfred Owen are based on war, and reveal the horrors of war. They are sad, and he uses these poems to express his bad feelings and hatred for war. Despite their similarities, they differ in certain ways as well. For example, Anthem for Doomed Youth is about how nobody is concerned for the dead soldiers and their efforts, Arms and The Boy is about how war transforms people into bloodthirsty monsters, and Futility is about a dead soldier lying in the fields of France. Structurally, Futility and Anthem for Doomed Youth are similar because they are both sonnets. However, they once again differ in that Futility is a more irregular sonnet, written in two verses of seven and seven with a rhyme scheme of ABABCCC DEDEFFF. It is irregular because it has no iambic pentameter, and overall the meter is very inconsistent. It uses half rhymes such as â€Å"once† and â€Å"France†, or â€Å"star† and â€Å"stir†. Anthem for Doomed Youth is more conventional with verses of eight and six, with a rhyme scheme of ABABCDCD EFFEGG. It has iambic Pentameter. Arms and the Boy have three verses of four lines with a half rhyme scheme of AABB CCDD EEFF. It has an iambic rhythm.  Arms and the Boy have a contradictory title because boys and war should not normally go together. Arms and the Boy use a register of terms to make the boy sound horrible, like a monster. It uses words and phrase such as â€Å"Hunger of Blood†, â€Å"Madman’s Flash†, and â€Å"Famishing for Flesh†. These three terms show the monstrosity of the soldiers, and criticises their thirst for killing. He shows us his feelings of hatred and despair towards them. There is also a register of predatory weapons, such as â€Å"teeth, claws, talons, antlers†. This portrays him as an animal in two ways, one is for his savageness in being so determined to kill, but also in that, animals use their bare limbs for killing, and so does he (arms to operate guns and to use bayonets). Anthem for Doomed Youth also has a contradictory title because there is no anthem for the doomed youth, as shown by â€Å"What passing bells for those who die as cattle?† which shows they died without dignity, let alone a funeral or anthem. It describes what should be their funeral, but is not. It shows what they are not getting, but really should be  getting. The second stanza shows an ending for them by using word like goodbyes and â€Å"drawing down of blinds†. The second line is very clever because it reflects Shakespeare’s saying of â€Å"life’s a theatre, and all men and women merely players†. A show ends with drawing down of curtains or blinds, and their lives metaphorically end like that. Futility is about a soldier who is dying in the sun. We are told he is a farmer because of the line â€Å"At home, whispering of fields unsown†. It portrays the sun as a mother, because of the caring words used to describe it such as gently. It portrays the sun as a kind figure that woke up the soldier on a regular basis. On this occasion, it cannot. The sunbeams â€Å"toil† to keep him awake but that still does not work. This is because nature (the sun) cannot interfere with manmade affairs (war). There is snow present, which is a figure of death because it is cold and harsh, opposite of the warm and gentle sun. He is appalled how our limbs â€Å"so dear achieved† can be used as tools as destruction.

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5 Reasons You Feel Trapped in Your Job

5 Reasons You Feel Trapped in Your Job No matter how much you love your job, it’s easy to feel trapped. You wake up going through the motions and dreading getting dressed; you just want to crawl back into bed and stay home. This is human, and it happens to us all.But if you really do feel trapped and find that you’ve completely lost track of your ambition or your drive, this list might be helpful in sorting out why- and helping you to fix it.1. Everybody else is better than me.If you feel that everyone is more capable, more skilled, or more talented than you are, youll edge yourself out of the spotlight and into isolation. Instead of constantly comparing yourself to your coworkers, remember that everyone is different. Their skills may be flashier, but that doesn’t mean that yours are any less useful or important. Concentrate on doing what you do best and apply yourself to shoring up your weak spots. And trust, deep down everybody else probably feels the same!2. You tell yourself its tough out thereThe economy is terrifying. Debt levels and unemployment have reached terrifying highs. You know you’re lucky to have a job, so you couldn’t possibly look anywhere else. You’d be crazy to leave! Right? Wrong. The market is always scary. If you truly believe you can do better, more rewarding work, you owe it to yourself to try. Sometimes believing it can happen is enough to take the step!3. I should just wait untilUntil the new year. Until I have my next review. Until I’ve been here for three years. Until, until, until. Biding your time and waiting for opportunity to come to you is only a good strategy if you’re saving money, say, to start your own business. Otherwise, you should make decisions based on what’s best for you overall, not necessarily what leads you down the path of least resistance.4. You dont know what else you wantIt’s hard to get what you want when you don’t even know what that is. But you owe it to yourself to find out. Don’t just stick with the devil you know. Ask yourself the hard questions and then do something about it if you don’t like the answers.5.   I have to prove myself.No, you don’t. You have to follow your path and find a way to do your best work- regardless of whether you feel your version of life matches up with someone else’s checklist of success.You have to be brave enough to get yourself un-trapped. No one else will do it for you.

What does the surviving evidence from Pompeii suggest about the ways Essay

What does the surviving evidence from Pompeii suggest about the ways in which Pompeians spent their time - Essay Example Vesuvius to have been recorded. In 1748, it is when staid excavations start and since then, it has been a tourist trap. Besides, all learning institutions are teaching of this city, with each and every other individual having the desire to make a visit. The historian might be better positioned in eloquently waxing how Pompeii is a city â€Å"frozen in time† as well as how the eruption turned out to be a blessing in disguise to the generation of the present time. On the contrary, the Romans had a totally different view of the destruction of Pompeii and the neighboring cities. In their viewpoint, this eruption was among the worst ever natural disaster to have ever occurred in the history of the world. It is believed that things would have been worse (Cooper 1). Despite the fact that modern day newspaper stories report that twenty thousand people passed on during this eruption, the exact figure of the people who lived there is hardly known. The 20,000 figure is seemingly the most common figure availed, but other sources have the same figure 10,000 lower. Either way, the agreeable guess figure is that over 35000 people died and in Pompeii alone, between 1600 and 2000 were trapped in the eruption. What remains is the surviving evidence to tell us how the situation was like (Cooper 1). The surviving evidence presents us with one of the very best glimpses of what the everyday life was like in a Roman city. Being a resort town as well as a center of commerce, the surviving evidence depicts how the rich in the society had come to this town so as to free themselves from the hassles of living in Rome, and ships put into the Bay of Naples from all corners of the globe. In addition, the surviving evidence presents both the aura and the prosperity of e njoyment that seems to have been in prevalence (Maiuri and Battaglia 652). These two (the prosperity and the aura of enjoyment) have hardly been shared in any other of the workaday towns. From this evidence, we are lured to believe that hardly was there peace and harmony in Pompeii. By the virtue of there being an excess of the rich in the society it is probable that there was a big-me/little-you division with the ordinary town folks. Tis same scenario was in Rome and from the judgment of how things are as regards to what was left, the inhabitants of Pompeii undeniably knew very well how to enjoy themselves (Gore 556). It is worth noting that historians may not be totally certain of the number of days in each of the Roman Months. The thought of these historians is that the roman months just resemble ours, though there is enough uncertainty for any given date to be off by a couple of days. The surviving evidence also testifies that the Pompeians rose up early in the morning, as is th e case with the present Romans. Besides, it can be told from the very first glance that they were respectable middle class persons. If this was not the case, there would have been an evidence of a slave waking then up and probably helping them dress. This may actually sound somewhat strange since the Pompeian’s’ clothes, from the surviving evidence, were unpretentious in the extreme (Harris 56). For each and every Roman national, irrespective of whether poor, middle class or rich, tunic was the main piece of clothing. Having been made of wool, the tunic was simply a two-square piece cloth sewn together, with holes having been left for the arms and the head. From the surviving evidence, the tunic- having been as wide as it was broad hung loosely on all but the heftiest frame. Moreover, the cut had been made in such a way that the excess clothe did form sleeves of a sort, with its appearance resembling a long shirt dropping somewhere between the calf and the

Memo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 13

Memo - Essay Example Before joining ISU for my bachelor’s program, I had managed to garner some achievements in my young career life. Among the achievements I have garnered thus far, two stand out as the most memorable. The first achievement was receiving ‘Best Intern’ award during my time at ABC electronic company after graduating from high school. This award came after the hard work and drive I put in completing my tasks in a timely manner at the organization to the point where I got recognized by the staff and selected for the award. This award is of note as I had only interned at the organization for six months!! The second accomplishment was receiving a ‘best science fair project’ under a physics science fair held at my high school. This award helped to reaffirm my belief that I was destined to be great in the field of science. Before moving over to the US, I worked at a mining company in South Africa—Broadmill Mining. I was tasked as an electrical engineer intern where my responsibilities revolved around developing economic feasibility studies, researching on electrical systems at mining sites, and assisting with reporting on the various stages of project development. My abilities to multi-task, working around schedules, and being flexible were greatly tested and proven during this period. Individuals and organizations are nothing without the communities they serve in and serve for. It is for this reason that I am always passionate about community service and the overall giving back to the society whenever and however possible. I have been lucky to serve in organizations that are cognizant of upholding community service values. As an intern at ABC electronic Company I got involved with the organization’s ‘building green’ campaign for their community service. This campaign ensured everyone who worked at the organization would undertake tree planting during the weekends at various communal sites pinpointed by the organization

Safety Awards Programs, Advantages and Disadvantages Term Paper

Safety Awards Programs, Advantages and Disadvantages - Term Paper Example Additionally, approximately $7,000 USD is the cost for non-lost time accident, $38,000 USD for disabling accident, and $1.1M USD for a workplace fatality (NSC, 2005). This is most probably why most American businesses have some sort of safety awards programs. However, the effectiveness of such programs is still the source of ongoing debate among its advocates and critics (Friend & Kohn, 2010). In this light, it is necessary for any organization to understand and recognize the positive and negative attributes of such safety awards programs to determine whether the incentive scheme is obtaining the organizational goal. Several texts on safety and management provide well-examined data on the pros and cons of incentives on performance and motivation. A number of safety professionals maintain that an incentive scheme is a significant factor in any health and safety program. However, a few individuals view the philosophy behind these incentive schemes is founded on flawed principles (Fland ers & Lawrence, 1999). Critics still point out three major debatable and interconnected areas surrounding the safety awards programs --- use of monetary rewards to improve work productivity and quality, unreliable SAFETY AWARDS PROGRAMS 3 injury reports that underreport health and safety hazards and accidents, and long-term effectiveness of such programs (Davis & Prichard, 2000). The â€Å"Carrot† Approach One major opposition against the incentive schemes is that they are considered bribery. Critics view them as â€Å"de-motivators† and underhanded attempts at control because they can induce people to create an image of safety by covering up injuries or accidents. These few individuals assert that incentives are there due to two major reasons: 1) giving away incentives makes management feel good, and 2) safety professionals resort to bribery because they do not really know how to lessen injuries and accidents (Azaroff, 2002). On a deeper perspective, there are three m ain bases that put incentive schemes in a bad light. First is the incorrect concept that injuries are merely results of accidents and that avoiding them deserve rewards. This standpoint does not consider that workplace injuries are usually due to a mishmash of improper behaviors, inappropriate practices or methods, and perilous environment. Second is the thought that incentives fail to recognize the real causes of accidents. They disguise and draw the attention away from the roots of the issue. Third is related to the first basis, where incentives give the idea that rewards will prompt workers to avoid behaving inappropriately (Flanders & Lawrence, 1999). Contrary to these viewpoints, safety rewards supporters believe in the â€Å"carrot† theory (Davis & Prichard, 2000). It is the way where organizations show their care for their workers by promoting safety in the workplace. Proponents of this concept also believe that long-term effectiveness can be achieved by providing mone tary incentives for appropriate behavior and increased safety awareness. In agreement to this idea, attaining goals through incentives has SAFETY AWARDS PROGRAMS 4 always been embraced by society. Incentives have always been part of people’s lives, like frequent flyer rewards, school recognition for academic excellence, stock market rewards for wise

Competitive Advantage: CSR

Competitive Advantage: CSR CSR means that a corporation should be held accountable for any of its actions that affect people, their communities and their environment; it may require a company to forgo some profits if its social impacts are seriously harmful to the corporations stakeholders or if its funds can be used to promote a positive social good (Frederick, Post, Davis, 1992, p. 10). Tougher competition recently has compelled the firms to adopt something that is different from their rivals and has also put a pressure on the firms to examine their philanthropy and other social activities, by doing so the company can sometimes achieve a strategic advantage over its competitors (Burke Logsdon, 1996). David Vogel wrote There is a business case for CSR but it is much less important or influential than many proponents of civil regulation believe, CSR is best understood as a niche rather than a generic strategy: it makes business sense for some firms in some areas in some circumstances.There is a place in the market economy for responsible firms. But there is also a large place for their less responsible competitors (Vogel, 2006, p. 3). This essay will outline whether and how competitive advantage can be achieved by organisations through CSR. This will be done by critically discussing what CSR is? Further emphasising on how it gives an organisation strategic advantage over its other competitors. Various definitions of CSR have been given by various theorists, making the study of CSR even more complex. CSR activities have been posited to include incorporating social characteristics or features into products and manufacturing processes like aerosol products with no fluorocarbons or using environmentally-friendly technologies, adopting progressive human resource management practices like promoting employee empowerment, achieving higher levels of environmental performance through recycling and pollution abatement like adopting an aggressive stance towards reducing emissions, and advancing the goals of community organizations like working closely with groups such as United Way. Researchers are moving beyond just defining and identifying CSR activities, to examining the strategic role of CSR in organizations. (Mcwilliams, Seigel, Wright, 2006, p. 2) There are 2 types of approaches to CSR, the charity principle and stewardship approach. Charity principle is when the companies take on a social role just because they want to; its a charitable deed and has nothing to do with the profitability of the company. Stewardship approach is when companies act in interest of the people that are affected by the business decisions and policies to gain an advantage, it is in line with the Freidmans stakeholder approach explained further in the essay. Even today companies interpret CSR as normal day to day decision making process that dont need much expertise. Its true that CSR is influenced highly by the moral imperative. In some situations moral implications are easy to apply like filing accounts honestly, acting ethically but sometimes the company has to weigh its moral decisions with the impact it can have on the stakeholders which can be difficult. For instance, Googles entry in china has created a feeling of repulsion amongst its US customers towards censorship imposed by the Chinese government. Therefore in this situation one social benefit has to be weighed against another and also against the financial costs that would arise (Porter Kramer, 2006). It is important for the companies to understand that if the prevailing approach to CSR is changed and more emphasis is given on the importance of social responsibility like other core competencies of a firm, it can be discovered that CSR is more than just a cost, constraint or a charitable deed; it is a source of innovation, opportunity and competitive advantage (Porter Kramer, 2006). There are various situations under which an organization would undertake the CSR approach, When an organization wants to create an opportunity based on the societal trend or issue or when a organization seeks to solve a business problem that cant be solved within the traditional business boundaries or When an organization seeks to protect itself from a threat posed by a societal issue. or When an organization seeks to have a greater business and societal impact from its existing CSR program. (Milliman, Ferguson, Sylvester, 2008, pp. 30-31) Milton Friedman in an article to New York Times said that, the only social responsibility of a business is to increase its profit (Porter Kramer, 2002, p. 6). According to Freidman the only aim of an organization is to achieve profit on the other hand Freeman argues that a firm has responsibility towards the internal or external stakeholders of the firm which should be taken into account (Galbreath, 2009). Freemans Stakeholder theory basically describes what a firm should do or should not do in terms of their societal responsibilities and is more inclined towards CSR. More recently, the society expects companies to behave ethically and in a socially responsible manner, that means they expect the companies to not only be interested in their profits but also pay attention to the interest of the broader group of stakeholders like consumers, suppliers and society at large. There has been increasing societal pressures like negative media coverage on the companies that are socially inacti ve thus driving the companies towards CSR (Pater Lierop, 2006). But the way CSR is being practiced recently, what Freidman said is proving to be right, companies adopt for short term CSR objectives that are not coherent and diffused with the organizations mission. It is only to attain profit and earn the goodwill of its customers, employees and the local community. (Porter Kramer, 2002). Many companies adopted CSR not because they thought it was important for the company to survive but because of the media coverage and public reaction to the issues they were involved in. for example, Nike faced consumer boycott after New York Times reported that the labour was being abused by Nike in third world countries like Pakistan and Indonesia. Thats when Nike realised that it was time to act responsibly or at least act to be responsible to regain one of the four 4 Rs of CSR that the company was losing -Reputation. On the other hand some other companies were successful in understanding that society and businesses are interdependent. One of them would be Mr. Steven T.Bigari, owner a string of McDonalds franchises in Colorado Springs. Steven had a problem of high turnover rates amongst his front line workers affecting the profits of the firm (Fitzgerald, 2007). The problem persisted even after giving them pay incentives. Steven concluded that the traditional HR practices were not helping and therefore he decided to look into the matter deeper and tried to find out from the workers the reason for them not coming to work regularly. He found out that many of his low wage workers had number of personal life constraints like lack of transportation, child care etc which was the key reason of high turnover. Therefore Bigari started considering various methods of how these underlying societal issues affecting his business can be addressed. He developed programs with governmental organizations and NGOs to provide social service needed by his workers. This process took time but it also solved the problem which the traditional HR practice couldnt. Therefore by doing so, Steve was successful in achieving a much more reliable and productive workforce and also create a positive impact on the personal lives of his employees (Milliman, Ferguson, Sylvester, 2008). Thus this shows how CSR can be used to gain economic benefits for the company by also creating a social impact. Social and economic benefits are often seen as two distinct objectives but companies need to find out where these two objectives converge for their organization. This would enable them to acquire decent amount of economic benefits as well create a sustainable impact on the society. Competitiveness today depends on how efficiently the companies use their resources to increase productivity and exploit the opportunities. CSR has to be seen as a strategic resource which has to be exploited to gain competitive advantage out of it. Does social and environmental consciousness actually lead to competitive advantage? This is one difficult question to be answered. Toyota Found a new market in Japan with its environmentally sound product Toyota Prius and Body Shop gained an advantage over its competitors for its safe products. Toyota took advantage of the opportunity it got to pioneer innovation to benefit the society thus generating a competitive advantage for itself. The Toyota Prius is the first successful hybrid gasoline/electric vehicle that has produced competitive advantage and environmental benefits. The cars engine is hybrid and emits only 10% of the harmful gasses that the conventional engines produce and consume only half as much gas. The car was rated as the car of the year in 2004 by the motor trends magazine. The car is associated with the slogan, harmony between man, nature and machine (3rd Generation Prius, 2009). This innovation has given Toyota a strategic advantage over its competitors, one of the m being Ford who wants to acquire the technology from Toyota (Porter Kramer, 2006). Competitive advantage occurs through CSR when one company implements the strategies of CSR for the benefit of the company and a competitor fails to do the same (Filho, Wanderly, Gomez, Farache, 2010). Adoption of CSR also gives the company an opportunity to premium price its product also helping in the promotions of the product and attracting consumers which impacts positively on the companys financial performance (Mason Simmons, 2011). But there are other companies that have also failed in linking CSR with profitability. Therefore its hard to say whether CSR leads to competitive advantage directly but it most definitely supports the other core competences of a firm, indirectly giving a competitive advantage. Gaining a competitive advantage by only introducing Triple Bottom Line is difficult, instead a company should focus on developing an innovative model of Triple Bottom Line. When a consumer finds a product or a company that is more inclined towards the CSR objectives; it tends to give them an advantage over other firms in a number of ways. A few consumers are just more environmentally conscious and therefore if they find a product which is environmentally safe, they would prefer that one over the one that is not. It is important for the companies to develop a niche market for their products. For example, body shop has distinguished itself by long term social commitment. The company should think of its long term advantages like reputation, etc that can be achieved through acting responsibly socially than the short term interests than can cause harm to the society or environment. And this approach fits perfectly if the company gains cost advantage out of it. Nestle is a perfect illustration of how long term competitive advantage can be achieved through CSR. In 1962, Nestle was expanding in India and they got a permission from the government to build a dairy in Moga, when they started expanding in the region they realised that the farmers in India were facing problems like severe poverty, the farmers were living without the basic needs like electricity, adequate food, there was no proper transportation, telephones or medical care in the region. Farmers owned less than five acres of infertile land and kept only one cow that would produce milk sufficient for their own consumption only. The milk often got adulterated in transit because there was no proper refrigeration, transportation and way to test the quality of the milk. Therefore to solve this problem, nestle implemented CSR strategies and tried to build the factor and demand conditions in the area. Nestle built refrigerated dairy which was the collection point for milk from the farmers in town and trucks were sent from these dairies to the veterinarians, ergonomists to test the quality of the milk. Thus Nestle established a value chain similar to its value chain in its country of origin, Switzerland. The farmers were also trained and the sick animals were taken care off. This improved the productivity of the cows and also improved the working conditions in the area for the farmers. Initially when the company expanded in the area there were only 180 farmers supplying milk but today there are almost 75000 farmers involved with around 650 dairies in the region and the milk production has increased 50 times. Nestlà ©s working with the small workers gives them an advantage of saving the costs that they would have to incur if they had middlemen. Nestlà ©s CSR objective is part of their strategy and is adopted by them when they expand in other developing countries too (Porter Kramer, 2006). Also there are various standards like that can be used to create a positive impact on the stakeholders creating a strategic advantage for the company. There are various triple bottom line indicators like the GRI (global reporting initiative), ISO: 14000, ISO: 26000, EMAS (Eco-Management and Audit Scheme) that affect companys reputation to the customers, suppliers, competitors, the stakeholders basically. These standards help in developing good relations with the government. Also employees think that they are working in a company trying to save the environment thus increasing their commitment levels and increasing their chances to stay with the organization. Investors would also be interested because it would affect the share prices. EMAS and ISO dont give a full picture; these standards dont cover the social indicators whereas GRI gives a full picture covering all the triple bottom line indicators. Most researchers agree that CSR provides an organization with various advantages and is not only useful for the society but also for the organization. It provides with the societys favour and lowers the risks of business operations; forms the image of the corporation and improves its reputation; stimulates the organizations innovation and creative work; helps to find easier ways to attract external sources of sponsorship; broadens markets and makes situations for sales increase; helps to attract positively motivated employees, enhances the value of human capital; stimulates the organizations culture; lowers expenditures, stimulates production and income increase, enhances the efficiency of work (JuÃ…Â ¡Ãƒâ€žÃ‚ ius SnieÃ…Â ¡ka, 2008, p. 35). There have been debates that more and more companies have started adopting CSR and it has moved all the way to the boardrooms. This can be proved by around 360 CSR-related shareholder resolutions being passed by the companies in 2005. These shareholder resolutions range from issues relating to labour conditions and global warming and other social problems. Out of 250 large multinationals, 64% of the companies published their CSR reports either within their annual reports or separately as a sustainability report (Porter Kramer, 2006). Even the government has been stressing on the importance of CSR by making it mandatory for every publicly listed company to disclose its CSR related risks in the annual report. The businesses do know about these risks but they are not clear as to what has to be done to eliminate these risks and the response of companies have not been very strategic or operational. Companies come up with CSR reports but these reports dont really give an account of an art iculate or strategic framework of CSR activities of the company, instead it mentions uncoordinated CSR activities carried out by the company to show its social sensitivity. Therefore its important for the companies to turn to academic experts for advice and start thinking of CSR as a source of gaining competitive advantage (Porter Kramer, 2006). Companies know that addressing the societal expectations is important to keep their stakeholders happy but they are not aware about how to strategize it to gain competitive success (Galbreath, 2009). Companies are not liable for all the social, environmental problems that occur but it is about taking the responsibility to identify the problem that they can gain a competitive advantage from and act on them. As Porter Kramer(2006, p. 92) state, addressing social issues by creating shared value will lead to self sustaining solutions that do not depend on private or governmental subsidies. Thus it can be said that by linking businesses to the societal or environmental issues, a company can develop solutions that are socially responsible that provide an operational and competitive advantage (Fisher, et al. 2009).

Cubism Is Great :: essays research papers fc

Cubist Theory Cubism began as an intellectual revolt against the artistic expression of previous eras. Among the specific elements abandoned by the cubists were the sensual appeal of paint texture and color, subject matter with emotional charge or mood, the play of light on form, movement, atmosphere, and the illusionism that proceeded from scientifically based perspective. To replace these they employed an analytic system in which the three-dimensional subject (usually still life) was fragmented and redefined within a shallow plane or within several interlocking and often transparent planes. Analytic and Synthetic Cubism In the analytic phase (1907–12) the cubist palette was severely limited, largely to black, browns, grays, and off-whites. In addition, forms were rigidly geometric and compositions subtle and intricate. Cubist abstraction as represented by the analytic works of Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, and Juan Gris intended an appeal to the intellect. The cubists sought to show everyday objects as the mind, not the eye, perceives them—from all sides at once. The trompe l'oeil element of collage was also sometimes used. During the later, synthetic phase of cubism (1913 through the 1920s), paintings were composed of fewer and simpler forms based to a lesser extent on natural objects. Brighter colors were employed to a generally more decorative effect, and many artists continued to use collage in their compositions. The works of Picasso, Braque, and Gris are also representative of this phase. The Scope of Cubism In painting the major exponents of cubism included Picasso, Braque, Jean Metzinger, Gris, Duchamp, and LÃ ©ger. The chief segments of the cubist movement included the Montmartre-based BÃ ¢teau-Lavoir group of artists and poets (Max Jacob, Guillaume Apollinaire, Gertrude and Leo Stein, Modigliani, Picabia, Delaunay, Archipenko, and others); the Puteaux group of the Section d'Or salon (J. Villon, LÃ ©ger, Picabia, Kupka, Marcoussis, Gleizes, Apollinaire, and others); the Orphists (Delaunay, Duchamp, Picabia, and Villon; see orphism); and the experimenters in collage who influenced cubist sculpture (Laurens and Lipchitz). Cubist Inspiration and Influence In painting the several sources of cubist inspiration included the later work of CÃ ©zanne; the geometric forms and compressed picture space in his paintings appealed especially to Braque, who developed them in his own works. African sculpture, particularly mask carvings, had enormous influence in the early years of the movement. Picasso's Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907; Mus. of Modern Art, New York City) is one of the most significant examples of this influence. Within this revolutionary composition lay much of the basic material of cubism.

Comments and Opinions While News Reporting Essay

News Reporting B.Thesis Statement: Why some broadcasters give out comments and opinions during news reporting? C.Trend: Many of Philippine broadcasters today seems to forget that a news report is totally different form a commentary. Consciously or unconsciously, they put on air their own judgments and remarks while delivering news. D.Issues: If giving comments and opinions during news reporting will continue, people might confuse news from commentary. Because of that, people’s decision about certain issue can easily be assorted by the own opinion/s of the broadcaster/s. In short, it will be easy for broadcasters (whose job is supposedly just to inform people) to shape the opinions of the listeners or the televiewers. Moreover, instead of discussing about the main issue, people might forget about it and start talking about the opinions of broadcasters, making their opinions an issue itself. Certainly, it will bring additional disarray to the society. E.Case 1. GMA morning news anchor Arnold Clavio became controversial after giving an offensive remark against the Filipino-foreign members of the Philippine Azkals during the nationwide broadcast of News and Public Affairs Program ‘Unang Hirit’ last March 2012. â€Å"Hindi naman kayo Pilipino. Nagpapanggap lang kayong kayumanggi. Hindi kayo dito lumaki. Mahirap ‘yun,† Clavio said while discussing about Cristy Ramos’ sexual harassment case against Azkals players Lexton Moy and Angel Guirado. Rhea Santos, Clavio’s co-anchor is also faced with bad comments after giving a remark about Filipino women: â€Å"Yung mga babae†¦ kasi porke guwapo†¦ sikat†¦ minsan halos itapon na nila yung mga sarili doon sa mga lalaki.† The Philippine Football federation already filed a complaint against GMA Network Inc., demanding for a written apology to be read on â€Å"Unang Hirit.† 2. The three comments on the news and exchange jokes at the end of the show on TV Patrol are so distracting. There was one time when Korina Sanchez obviously laughed shortly during a news report about a death of a rape victim. F.Concerns Giving opinions while delivering news is a violation under the Article 1, Sec 3a of Kapisanan ng mga Brodkaster sa Pilipinas (KBP) Code of 2007 which states that news reports shall be fair, factual, and objective; and Article 1, Sec. 3c, which states that side comments expressing personal opinions while a news item is being reported or delivered are prohibited to prevent the listener from mistaking opinion for news. Also, according to the journalist code of ethics, journalist â€Å"shall scrupulously report and interpret the news, taking care not to suppress essential facts or to distort the truth by omission or improper emphasis. I recognise the duty to air the other side and the duty to correct substantive errors promptly.† H.Conclusion News reporting is to inform people about important events. It is not to express your opinions in a certain issue. It must be fair, factual and objective. However, not all broadcasters obey this rule. Issues about news anchors and news reporters being accused of malicious statements are very rampant today. It is because they used news programs as venues to express their thoughts, which is a violation under the KBP Broadcast Code of 2007 Article 1, Sec. 3a and Sec. 3c. A broadcaster’s opinion in a certain issue can reach a thousand of people and he/she can use this opportunity to his/her own interest, or worse, his/her opinion might be a start of another issue. Giving comments while delivering a news report can never be considered as a irresponsible journalism for it will just create chaos to the society instead promoting national unity. Media is too powerful that whatever the public see in the television or hear over the radio can greatly affect their decisions in life. That’s the reason why broadcasters must be careful in whatever they do and say on air. I.References: †¢2007 Broadcast Code of the Philippines †¢file:///C:/Users/WIN%207/Documents/_CMS%20103/Journalist%E2%80%99s%20Code%20of%20Ethics%20%28Philippines%29.htm †¢http://ph.omg.yahoo.com/blogs/switchingchannels/tv-patrol-tabloid-journalism-104015722.html †¢http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/251681/sports/opinion/a-molotov-cocktail-of-sexual-harassment-race-and-social-media †¢http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/sports/03/15/12/pff-files-complaint-vs-clavio-azkals-comment